bill of attainder a legislative act that inflicts punishment on individuals without any kind of judicial action. ex post facto law from the Latin for "after the fact," a law that applies to actions committed before the law was passed. They imply that prisoners have a right to know what charges are being made against them. writs of habeas corpus court orders in which a judge requires authorities to prove that a prisoner is being held lawfully and that allows the prisoner to be freed if the judge is not persuaded by the government's case. Sullivan (1964) the supreme court concluded that "actual malice" must be proved to support a finding of libel against a public figure fighting words words that, "by their very utterance inflict injury or tend to incite an immediate breach of peace." They are not subject to the restrictions of the First Amendment. Ohio (1969) that holds that advocacy of illegal action is protected by the First Amendment unless imminent lawless action is intended and likely to occur symbolic speech symbols, signs, and other methods of expression generally also considered to be protected by the First Amendment libel false written statement or a written statement tending to call someone's reputation into disrepute slander untrue spoken statements that defame the character of a person New York Times Co. (1919) to draw the line between protected and unprotected speech the Court looks to see "whether the words used" could "create a clear and present danger that they will bring about substantive evils" that Congress seeks "to prevent" direct incitement test test articulated by the Supreme Court in Brandenburg v. government from interfering with a citizen's right to practice his or her religion prior restraint constitutional doctrine that prevents the government from prohibiting speech or publication before the fact generally held to be in violation of the First Amendment clear and present danger test test articulated by the Supreme Court in Schenck v. First Amendment part of the Bill of Rights that imposes a number of restrictions on the federal government with respect to the civil liberties of the people, including freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition establishment clause the first clause of the First Amendment it prohibits the national government from establishing a national religion free exercise clause the second clause of the First Amendment it prohibits the U.S.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |